Everything about Protodynastic Period Of Egypt totally explained
The
Protodynastic Period of Egypt (generally dated
3200 BC -
3000 BC) refers to the period of time at the very end of the
Predynastic Period. It is equivalent to the archaeological phase known as
Naqada III. It is sometimes known as
Dynasty 0 or the
Late Predynastic Period.
The Protodynastic Period is characterised as being the time when
ancient Egypt was undergoing the process of political unification, leading to a unified state during the
Early Dynastic Period. Furthermore, it's during this time when the
Egyptian language was first being recorded in
hieroglyphs. There is also strong archaeological evidence of Egyptian settlements in southern
Israel during the Protodynastic Period, which have been regarded as
colonies or trading
entrepôts.
State formation began during this era and perhaps even earlier. Various small city-states arose along the
Nile. Centuries of conquest reduced
Upper Egypt to three major states:
Thinis,
Naqada, and
Nekhen. Not much is known of
Lower Egypt's political makeup but they may have shared in Naqada's
Set cult while Thinis and Nekhen were part of the
Horus cult. Being sandwiched by Thinis and Nekhen, Naqada was the first to fall. Thinis then conquered Lower Egypt. Nekhen's relationship with Thinis is uncertain but these two states may have merged peacefully with the Thinite royal family ruling all of Egypt. The Thinite kings are buried at
Abydos in the
Umm el-Qa'ab cemetery.
Most
Egyptologists consider
Narmer to be the last king of this period (although some place him in the
First Dynasty), as well as the so-called "
Scorpion King(s)", whose name may refer to, or be derived from, the goddess,
Serket, a special early protector of other deities and the rulers.
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